TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-year inter-laboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater
T2 - Development of a quality control system
AU - van Nuijs, Alexander L.N.
AU - Lai, Foon Yin
AU - Been, Frederic
AU - Andres-Costa, Maria Jesus
AU - Barron, Leon
AU - Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio
AU - Berset, Jean Daniel
AU - Benaglia, Lisa
AU - Bijlsma, Lubertus
AU - Burgard, Dan
AU - Castiglioni, Sara
AU - Christophoridis, Christophoros
AU - Covaci, Adrian
AU - de Voogt, Pim
AU - Emke, Erik
AU - Fatta-Kassinos, Despo
AU - Fick, Jerker
AU - Hernandez, Felix
AU - Gerber, Cobus
AU - González-Mariño, Iria
AU - Grabic, Roman
AU - Gunnar, Teemu
AU - Kannan, Kurunthachalam
AU - Karolak, Sara
AU - Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
AU - Kokot, Zenon
AU - Krizman-Matasic, Ivona
AU - Li, Angela
AU - Li, Xiqing
AU - Löve, Arndís S.C.
AU - Lopez de Alda, Miren
AU - McCall, Ann Kathrin
AU - Meyer, Markus R.
AU - Oberacher, Herbert
AU - O'Brien, Jake
AU - Quintana, Jose Benito
AU - Reid, Malcolm
AU - Schneider, Serge
AU - Simoes, Susana Sadler
AU - Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.
AU - Thomas, Kevin
AU - Yargeau, Viviane
AU - Ort, Christoph
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2018/6
Y1 - 2018/6
N2 - Thirty-seven laboratories from 25 countries present the development of an inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in standard solutions, tap- and wastewater. Almost 10 000 concentration values were evaluated: triplicates of up to five samples and 26 laboratories per year. The setup was substantially improved with experiences gained across the six repetitions (e.g. matrix type, sample conditions, spiking levels). From this, (pre-)analytical issues (e.g. pH adjustment, filtration) were revealed for specific analytes which resulted in formulation of best-practice protocols for inter-laboratory setup and analytical procedures. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the inter-laboratory setup to assess laboratory performance in the framework of wastewater-based epidemiology. The exercise proved that measurements of laboratories were of high quality (>80% satisfactory results for six out of seven analytes) and that analytical follow-up is important to assist laboratories in improving robustness of wastewater-based epidemiology results.
AB - Thirty-seven laboratories from 25 countries present the development of an inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in standard solutions, tap- and wastewater. Almost 10 000 concentration values were evaluated: triplicates of up to five samples and 26 laboratories per year. The setup was substantially improved with experiences gained across the six repetitions (e.g. matrix type, sample conditions, spiking levels). From this, (pre-)analytical issues (e.g. pH adjustment, filtration) were revealed for specific analytes which resulted in formulation of best-practice protocols for inter-laboratory setup and analytical procedures. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the inter-laboratory setup to assess laboratory performance in the framework of wastewater-based epidemiology. The exercise proved that measurements of laboratories were of high quality (>80% satisfactory results for six out of seven analytes) and that analytical follow-up is important to assist laboratories in improving robustness of wastewater-based epidemiology results.
KW - Illicit drugs
KW - Inter-laboratory testing
KW - Quality assurance
KW - Wastewater
KW - Wastewater-based epidemiology
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85041490231
U2 - 10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.009
DO - 10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.009
M3 - Review article
SN - 0165-9936
VL - 103
SP - 34
EP - 43
JO - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
JF - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
ER -