Optimal use of AEC in CT: a literature review.

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) examinations account for a significant portion of individuals' increasing exposure to medical radiation. Automatic exposure control (AEC) was introduced in CT scanners to decrease patient doses while maintaining appropriate image quality. OBJECTIVE: To identify areas for AEC optimization and suggest practical optimization methods. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to assess current knowledge regarding tube current modulation and AEC in CT from peer-reviewed journals and publications from national and international organizations involved in medical imaging and radiation protection. RESULTS: Four important aspects of AEC use were identified: interaction of user-selectable parameters with AEC, patient positioning and AEC, specific challenges with patient size groups and how to select appropriate input value. CONCLUSION: AEC is a useful tool for dose optimization but dose savings are not guaranteed unless the equipment is used properly. Further research is required into optimal use of AEC, particularly for pediatric examinations.