The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates

John T. Andrews; Jórunn Hardardóttir; Gudrún Helgadóttir; Anne E. Jennings; Áslaug Geirsdóttir; Árny E. Sveinbjörnsdóttir; Stephanie Schoolfield; Gréta B. Kristjánsdóttir; L. Micaela Smith; Kjartan Thors; James P.M. Syvitski

doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates

John T. Andrews, Jórunn Hardardóttir, Gudrún Helgadóttir, Anne E. Jennings, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Árny E. Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Stephanie Schoolfield, Gréta B. Kristjánsdóttir, L. Micaela Smith, Kjartan Thors, James P.M. Syvitski

University of Iceland

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present 32 AMS radiocarbon dates collected from sediments obtained during cruises of CSS Hudson (1993), RV Jan Mayen (1996), and Bjarni Saemundsson (1997). The radiocarbon dates were obtained on samples from the basal part of sediment cores collected across an area between 64 and 67°N and 18-29°W. Core sites were based on 3.5 kHz acoustic subbottom surveys. The 3.5 kHz subbottom profiles indicate that several of the troughs contain ≥ 30 m of Quaternary sediment. At many sites, the acoustic surveys suggest the presence of one or more strong reflectors which can be traced over extended areas (> 100 km) of the seafloor. These may represent large-scale volcanic ash falls, such as the Vedde ash and its correlatives, as well as other regionally significant tephras. We report dates from seven areas; (1) Northern troughs - Eyjafjardarall, Hunafloadjup, and Reykjafjardarall: (2) Hunafloi area and inner shelf and fjords; (3) Djupall area; (4) Isafjardardjup area; (5) Kolluall; (6) western shelf break and slope; and (7) Jokuldjup. The dates range in age from Marine Isotope Stages 3-1. Five cores have basal dates ≥ 16 ka and thus provide information on the timing and environments during the deglaciation. Several dates of ~ 12 ka indicate that the inner shelf may have been largely ice-free by that time. Estimates of average sediment accumulation rates vary between 4 and 90 cm/kyr, with modal estimates of 30-40 cm/kyr. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	619-631
Number of pages	13
Journal	Quaternary Science Reviews
Volume	19
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0
Publication status	Published - Mar 2000

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: We wish to thank the captain, crew, and scientific staffs of the Hudson , Jan Mayen , and Bjarni Sæmundsson for their considerable assistance. The R/V Jan Mayen cruise was largely financed by a grant from the Norwegian Science Foundation to Dr. Morten Hald, University of Tromsø. Support for the 1997 Bjarni Sæmundsson cruise was principally from the Marine Research Institute of Iceland. The University of Colorado's participation in the 1996 Jan Mayen cruise was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation OPP-9707161 and ATM-9224554, and in the 1997 B9-97 cruise by ATM-9531397. Kristjánsdóttir's and Hardardóttir's participation in the B9-97 cruise was supported by a grant from the Icelandic Research Council to Dr. Áslaug Geirsdóttir. Dates designated by CAMS- were provided with major support from the PALE Steering Committee, whereas dates from Århus University, Denmark, were provided through an agreement with the Iceland Science Institute and Dr. Arny Sveinbjornsdottir. Dates from the University of Arizona AMS Facility were subsidized by funds from NSF. We are indebted to Nancy Weiner for picking most of the foraminifera samples that are listed in Table 1 . Furthermore, we thank Dr. Charles Hart for fauna identification and Dr. Karl Grönvold for tephra analysis. We thanks Drs. O. Ingolfsson and S. Bjorck for their constructive comments and assistance in preparing the final draft. PALE contribution No. 134.

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10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

Cite this

Andrews, J. T., Hardardóttir, J., Helgadóttir, G., E. Jennings, A., Geirsdóttir, Á., Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Á. E., Schoolfield, S., Kristjánsdóttir, G. B., Micaela Smith, L., Thors, K., & Syvitski, J. P. M. (2000). The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates. Quaternary Science Reviews, 19(7), 619-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

@article{05cc7d98c5b041eca333e6e19d4c1388,

title = "The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates",

abstract = "We present 32 AMS radiocarbon dates collected from sediments obtained during cruises of CSS Hudson (1993), RV Jan Mayen (1996), and Bjarni Saemundsson (1997). The radiocarbon dates were obtained on samples from the basal part of sediment cores collected across an area between 64 and 67°N and 18-29°W. Core sites were based on 3.5 kHz acoustic subbottom surveys. The 3.5 kHz subbottom profiles indicate that several of the troughs contain ≥ 30 m of Quaternary sediment. At many sites, the acoustic surveys suggest the presence of one or more strong reflectors which can be traced over extended areas (> 100 km) of the seafloor. These may represent large-scale volcanic ash falls, such as the Vedde ash and its correlatives, as well as other regionally significant tephras. We report dates from seven areas; (1) Northern troughs - Eyjafjardarall, Hunafloadjup, and Reykjafjardarall: (2) Hunafloi area and inner shelf and fjords; (3) Djupall area; (4) Isafjardardjup area; (5) Kolluall; (6) western shelf break and slope; and (7) Jokuldjup. The dates range in age from Marine Isotope Stages 3-1. Five cores have basal dates ≥ 16 ka and thus provide information on the timing and environments during the deglaciation. Several dates of \textasciitilde{} 12 ka indicate that the inner shelf may have been largely ice-free by that time. Estimates of average sediment accumulation rates vary between 4 and 90 cm/kyr, with modal estimates of 30-40 cm/kyr. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.",

author = "Andrews, \{John T.\} and J{\'o}runn Hardard{\'o}ttir and Gudr{\'u}n Helgad{\'o}ttir and \{E. Jennings\}, Anne and {\'A}slaug Geirsd{\'o}ttir and Sveinbj{\"o}rnsd{\'o}ttir, \{{\'A}rny E.\} and Stephanie Schoolfield and Kristj{\'a}nsd{\'o}ttir, \{Gr{\'e}ta B.\} and \{Micaela Smith\}, L. and Kjartan Thors and Syvitski, \{James P.M.\}",

note = "Funding Information: We wish to thank the captain, crew, and scientific staffs of the Hudson , Jan Mayen , and Bjarni S{\ae}mundsson for their considerable assistance. The R/V Jan Mayen cruise was largely financed by a grant from the Norwegian Science Foundation to Dr. Morten Hald, University of Troms{\o}. Support for the 1997 Bjarni S{\ae}mundsson cruise was principally from the Marine Research Institute of Iceland. The University of Colorado's participation in the 1996 Jan Mayen cruise was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation OPP-9707161 and ATM-9224554, and in the 1997 B9-97 cruise by ATM-9531397. Kristj{\'a}nsd{\'o}ttir's and Hardard{\'o}ttir's participation in the B9-97 cruise was supported by a grant from the Icelandic Research Council to Dr. {\'A}slaug Geirsd{\'o}ttir. Dates designated by CAMS- were provided with major support from the PALE Steering Committee, whereas dates from {\AA}rhus University, Denmark, were provided through an agreement with the Iceland Science Institute and Dr. Arny Sveinbjornsdottir. Dates from the University of Arizona AMS Facility were subsidized by funds from NSF. We are indebted to Nancy Weiner for picking most of the foraminifera samples that are listed in Table 1 . Furthermore, we thank Dr. Charles Hart for fauna identification and Dr. Karl Gr{\"o}nvold for tephra analysis. We thanks Drs. O. Ingolfsson and S. Bjorck for their constructive comments and assistance in preparing the final draft. PALE contribution No. 134.",

year = "2000",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0",

language = "English",

volume = "19",

pages = "619--631",

journal = "Quaternary Science Reviews",

issn = "0277-3791",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

number = "7",

}

Andrews, JT, Hardardóttir, J, Helgadóttir, G, E. Jennings, A, Geirsdóttir, Á , Sveinbjörnsdóttir, ÁE, Schoolfield, S, Kristjánsdóttir, GB, Micaela Smith, L, Thors, K & Syvitski, JPM 2000, 'The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates', Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 619-631. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

TY - JOUR

T1 - The N and W Iceland Shelf

T2 - Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates

AU - Andrews, John T.

AU - Hardardóttir, Jórunn

AU - Helgadóttir, Gudrún

AU - E. Jennings, Anne

AU - Geirsdóttir, Áslaug

AU - Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árny E.

AU - Schoolfield, Stephanie

AU - Kristjánsdóttir, Gréta B.

AU - Micaela Smith, L.

AU - Thors, Kjartan

AU - Syvitski, James P.M.

N1 - Funding Information: We wish to thank the captain, crew, and scientific staffs of the Hudson , Jan Mayen , and Bjarni Sæmundsson for their considerable assistance. The R/V Jan Mayen cruise was largely financed by a grant from the Norwegian Science Foundation to Dr. Morten Hald, University of Tromsø. Support for the 1997 Bjarni Sæmundsson cruise was principally from the Marine Research Institute of Iceland. The University of Colorado's participation in the 1996 Jan Mayen cruise was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation OPP-9707161 and ATM-9224554, and in the 1997 B9-97 cruise by ATM-9531397. Kristjánsdóttir's and Hardardóttir's participation in the B9-97 cruise was supported by a grant from the Icelandic Research Council to Dr. Áslaug Geirsdóttir. Dates designated by CAMS- were provided with major support from the PALE Steering Committee, whereas dates from Århus University, Denmark, were provided through an agreement with the Iceland Science Institute and Dr. Arny Sveinbjornsdottir. Dates from the University of Arizona AMS Facility were subsidized by funds from NSF. We are indebted to Nancy Weiner for picking most of the foraminifera samples that are listed in Table 1 . Furthermore, we thank Dr. Charles Hart for fauna identification and Dr. Karl Grönvold for tephra analysis. We thanks Drs. O. Ingolfsson and S. Bjorck for their constructive comments and assistance in preparing the final draft. PALE contribution No. 134.

PY - 2000/3

Y1 - 2000/3

N2 - We present 32 AMS radiocarbon dates collected from sediments obtained during cruises of CSS Hudson (1993), RV Jan Mayen (1996), and Bjarni Saemundsson (1997). The radiocarbon dates were obtained on samples from the basal part of sediment cores collected across an area between 64 and 67°N and 18-29°W. Core sites were based on 3.5 kHz acoustic subbottom surveys. The 3.5 kHz subbottom profiles indicate that several of the troughs contain ≥ 30 m of Quaternary sediment. At many sites, the acoustic surveys suggest the presence of one or more strong reflectors which can be traced over extended areas (> 100 km) of the seafloor. These may represent large-scale volcanic ash falls, such as the Vedde ash and its correlatives, as well as other regionally significant tephras. We report dates from seven areas; (1) Northern troughs - Eyjafjardarall, Hunafloadjup, and Reykjafjardarall: (2) Hunafloi area and inner shelf and fjords; (3) Djupall area; (4) Isafjardardjup area; (5) Kolluall; (6) western shelf break and slope; and (7) Jokuldjup. The dates range in age from Marine Isotope Stages 3-1. Five cores have basal dates ≥ 16 ka and thus provide information on the timing and environments during the deglaciation. Several dates of ~ 12 ka indicate that the inner shelf may have been largely ice-free by that time. Estimates of average sediment accumulation rates vary between 4 and 90 cm/kyr, with modal estimates of 30-40 cm/kyr. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

AB - We present 32 AMS radiocarbon dates collected from sediments obtained during cruises of CSS Hudson (1993), RV Jan Mayen (1996), and Bjarni Saemundsson (1997). The radiocarbon dates were obtained on samples from the basal part of sediment cores collected across an area between 64 and 67°N and 18-29°W. Core sites were based on 3.5 kHz acoustic subbottom surveys. The 3.5 kHz subbottom profiles indicate that several of the troughs contain ≥ 30 m of Quaternary sediment. At many sites, the acoustic surveys suggest the presence of one or more strong reflectors which can be traced over extended areas (> 100 km) of the seafloor. These may represent large-scale volcanic ash falls, such as the Vedde ash and its correlatives, as well as other regionally significant tephras. We report dates from seven areas; (1) Northern troughs - Eyjafjardarall, Hunafloadjup, and Reykjafjardarall: (2) Hunafloi area and inner shelf and fjords; (3) Djupall area; (4) Isafjardardjup area; (5) Kolluall; (6) western shelf break and slope; and (7) Jokuldjup. The dates range in age from Marine Isotope Stages 3-1. Five cores have basal dates ≥ 16 ka and thus provide information on the timing and environments during the deglaciation. Several dates of ~ 12 ka indicate that the inner shelf may have been largely ice-free by that time. Estimates of average sediment accumulation rates vary between 4 and 90 cm/kyr, with modal estimates of 30-40 cm/kyr. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0342368822

U2 - 10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

DO - 10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00036-0

M3 - Article

SN - 0277-3791

VL - 19

SP - 619

EP - 631

JO - Quaternary Science Reviews

JF - Quaternary Science Reviews

IS - 7

ER -

The N and W Iceland Shelf: Insights into Last Glacial Maximum ice extent and deglaciation based on acoustic stratigraphy and basal radiocarbon AMS dates

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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